522 692
Table 1 – Baseline characteristics and applied methodology of included studies
Author, yr of
publication
Population
investigated
Recruitment
criteria
No. of
patients
Mean
age (yr)
Mean PSA
(ng/ml)
MRI used; magnet
strength
Coil used
(no. channels)
Threshold for target
biopsy
Biopsy method;
approach
SB and
TB cores
Definition of clinically
significant PCa
Hambrock et al.,
2008
[1_TD$DIFF]
[50]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE and
abnormal MRI
21 62.0
15.0 Trio Tim (Siemens);
3 Tesla
ERC
In tumour
suspicious/abnormal
MRI; no threshold
defined
In-bore MRI; transrectal
No No criteria for significance
applied
Hambrock et al.,
2010
[2_TD$DIFF]
[51]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and
abnormal MRI
68 63.0
13.0 Trio Tim (Siemens);
3 Tesla
Combined ERC
and PPA
In tumour
suspicious/abnormal
MRI; no threshold
defined
In-bore MRI transrectal
No Epstein criteria
Miyagawa et al.,
2010
[2_TD$DIFF]
[52]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and
abnormal MRI
85 69.0
9.9 Interna pulsar (Philips);
1.5 Tesla
PPA
No threshold
defined
MRI/TRUS fusion;
transperineal
Yes
No criteria for significance
applied
Franiel et al., 2011
[3_TD$DIFF]
[53]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE and
abnormal MRI
54 68.0
12.1 Avanto (Siemens);
1.5 Tesla
Combined ERC
and PPA
PIRADS 2 or higher In-bore MRI; transrectal
No No criteria for significance
applied
Park et al., 2011
[4_TD$DIFF]
[54]
No prior biopsy Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE
44 63.0
6.1 Interna Achieva
(Philips); 3 Tesla
PPA
In tumour
suspicious/abnormal
MRI; no threshold
defined
Cognitive TRUS;
transrectal
Yes No criteria for significance
applied
Hadaschik et al.,
2011
[29]
Mixed
population
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE
95 66.0
8.0 Magnetom Trio
(Siemens); 3 Tesla
PPA
Irrespective of MRI
findings
MRI/TRUS fusion;
transperineal
Yes No criteria for significance
applied
Hoeks et al.,
2012
[28]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and
abnormal MRI
265 66.0
11.4 Magnetom Trio
(Siemens) and
Magnetom Skyra
(Siemens); both 3 Tesla
PPA
In tumour
suspicious/abnormal
MRI; no threshold
defined
In-bore MRI; transrectal
No d’Amico classification
(intermediate and high risk)
and Epstein criteria
Portalez et al.,
2012
[5_TD$DIFF]
[55]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE and
abnormal MRI
129 64.7
9.6 Achieva (Philips) and
Avanto (Siemens); both
1.5 Tesla
PPA (8)
Irrespective of MRI
findings
MRI/TRUS fusion;
transrectal
Yes No criteria for significance
applied
Rouse et al.,
[6_TD$DIFF]
2011
[56]
Negative or no
prior biopsy
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE and
abnormal MRI
114 63.6
13.4 Avanto (Siemens);
1.5 Tesla
Unclear
PIRADS 3 or higher Cognitive TRUS;
transrectal
Yes -Gleason score 3 + 4 -or
Gleason 3+3 and MMCL
I
3mm
Arsov et al., 2012
[5_TD$DIFF]
[57]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE
16 67.0
9.3 Magnetom Trio
(Siemens); 3 Tesla
PPA (6)
No threshold
defined
Cognitive TRUS;
transrectal
Yes d’Amico classification
(intermediate and high risk)
Vourganti et al.,
2012
[5_TD$DIFF]
[44]
Negative prior
biopsy
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE
195 62.0
9.1 Achieva (Philips);
3 Tesla
Combined ERC
and PPA (16)
Irrespective of MRI
findings
MRI/TRUS fusion;
transrectal
Yes Gleason score 3 + 4
Puech et al.,
2013
[34]
Negative or no
prior biopsy
Elevated PSA and
abnormal MRI
95 65.0
10.1 Gyroscan Intera,
(Philips) and Symphony
(Siemens); both
1.5 Tesla
PPA
PIRADS 3 or higher Cognitive TRUS and
MRI/TRUS fusion;
transrectal
Yes SB:
-Gleason score 3+4
-Gleason score = 3 + 3 and
MMCL
>
3mm; TB: Gleason
score 3+4
Wysock et al.,
2013
[42]
Mixed
population
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE and
abnormal MRI
67 65.0
5.1 Magnetom Trio
(Siemens); 3 Tesla
PPA
PIRADS 2 or higher Cognitive TRUS and
MRI/TRUS fusion;
transrectal
Yes Gleason score 3 + 4
Nagel et al., 2013
[7_TD$DIFF]
[58]
Negative prior
biopsy
Abnormal MRI
88 63.0
11.0 Trio Tim (Siemens);
3 Tesla
PPA
In tumour
suspicious/abnormal
MRI; no threshold
defined
In-bore MRI; transrectal
No Gleason score 3 + 4
Quentin et al.,
2013
[7_TD$DIFF]
[59]
Negative or no
prior biopsy
Elevated PSA
59 65.0
8.0 Magnetom Trio
(Siemens); 3 Tesla
PPA (6)
PIRADS sum score
10
In-bore MRI; transrectal
No No criteria for significance
applied
Kasivivanathan
et al., 2013
[22]
Mixed
population
Elevated PSA and/or
abnormal DRE and
abnormal MRI
110 63.3
6.7 Avanto (Siemens) and
Magnetom Verio
(Siemens); 1.5 and
3 Tesla
PPA
PIRADS 3 or higher Cognitive TRUS;
transperineal
Yes Multiple definitions; applied
definition:
-Gleason score 3 + 4 or
Gleason score = 3 + 3 and
MCCL
>
4 mm
E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 7 1 ( 2 0 1 7 ) 5 1 7 – 5 3 1
522